by RLTrader » November 6, 2009, 11:06 am
Chemical cleaners work via their reactive chemical nature; enzymatic cleaners work via slower biological/digestive type reactions. Because of their chemical reactivity, coupled with the often unknown contents and configurations of plumbing systems, improper application of chemical drain cleaners can result in unexpected chemical reactions, splashes, and other effects which may result in personal injury and/or property damage.
The heat liberated by chemical drain cleaners may soften plastic (PVC) pipes. Combined heat and chemical reaction may damage old, corroded pipes. Acid drain cleaners can corrode or etch stainless steel, damage aluminum fixtures, and (by heat of solution) may crack porcelain. If a chemical drain cleaner does not remove the obstruction in the piping system, the chemical may remain unreacted in the piping system. Users occasionally attempt to clear a blockage by using more than one product. The introduction of acid drain cleaners into pipes containing caustic drain cleaners may result in vigorous acid-base neutralization reactions. These reactions generally result in the formation of a salt and water, but may generate extreme heat and, consequently, the liquids may spatter or erupt from the drain. Dilution of concentrated caustics and acids may also generate heat. This "heat of solution" may be considerable and variable, depending on the initial and final solution concentrations. If the chemical remains unreacted in the piping system, persons subsequently attempting to clear the blockage by mechanical means may unknowingly have potential of exposure to the chemical.
The addition of water to a concentrated caustic or acid may also result in boiling and spattering of the resulting solution; if the caustic or acid is slowly and carefully added to water, this effect is minimized. Standards often recommend using the term "concentrated" for aqueous solutions as a warning for potential health effects or injuries to tissue. However, chemical texts often use the same term for nearly pure solutions.
Chemical and enzymatic drain cleaners are potentially dangerous to use. They are reactive with human tissue in a similar manner as to the organic materials in drain blockages. Hazardous and toxic gases may be generated, as well as spattering and/or eruptions. Standards exist addressing these potential hazards with recommendations for proper and safe use, packaging and labeling
If a drain requires cleaning, consumer advocates recommend the use of mechanical devices, followed by removal and cleaning of traps and cleanout plugs. Chemical cleaners are recommended only as a last resort; if the chemical drain cleaner fails to work, a professional should be contacted and the situation should be explained.